breast pathology ultrasound

breast cancer on ultrasound looks like breast pathology ultrasound
Breast Cancer

Among all cancers in females, he takes the ultimate place. In most cases, breast cancer develops in the presence of precancerous changes. This is primarily a benign mammary dysplasia and papilloma ducts.

Breast cancer is represented macroscopically nodular and diffuse forms, along with cancer of the nipple and also the nipple with the field (Paget's disease from the breast). For the nodular cancers are seen as an the node using a diameter up to several centimeters. In certain cases, a decent knot, is permeated with whitish layers tissue penetrating into the surrounding fatty tissue, on other occasions - a soft, juicy for the cut, splits easily. Diffuse cancer of prostate is covered for the considerable distance, the contours from the tumor are marked bad. Sometimes the cancer invades skin and forms on the surface of decaying mushroom formation - a cancerous ulcer. In certain instances, the tumor spreads over the surface in the breast and the iron is roofed with a dense shell.

In histological structure include the following varieties of breast cancers:

• noninvasive: intralobular and intraduct;

• infiltrative.

Noninvasive breast cancers can be intralobular (lobular carcinoma in situ), and intraduct (ductal carcinoma in situ).

Infiltrating (invasive) cancer is seen as an varying examples of tissue and cell irregularities, which allowed to distinguish different a higher level malignancy. This type of cancer include, in particular, infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinoma, which in turn has got the structure of scirrhus, and also Paget's disease.

Causes of Breast Cancer.

The reasons for cancer of the breast often are hormonal changes inside the body: the entry into menopause, should there be an energetic restructuring of the hormonal regulation in the woman, the ovaries lose their activity, decreased creation of progesterone and estrogen, the body is going through, "hormonal crisis." The mammary gland and endometrium (lining in the uterus) are most attentive to these changes, the breast tissue starts to dissolve and stay replaced by fat.

Scientifically established how the female hormones estrogen-, plays a vital role in the growth and development of breast cancers. The excess hormones inside the body creates a favorable background for developing the illness. The least active hormones estrogen behave in pregnancy and after birth - during breastfeeding. It is proved that the birth and prolonged breastfeeding (more than one year) to relieve the chance of developing cancer of the breast. On the other hand, abortion bring about hormonal "explosion" in a woman's body that will trigger the continuing development of tumors. So far there's no consensus concerning the impact around the progression of tumors of hormonal contraceptive drugs, but it is believed that these drugs reduce potential risk of developing breast cancers, but increase the risk of developing cancer of the female genital organs, and osteoporosis. In addition predisposition to breast cancer could cause harmful environmental factors: the environment, as well as inflammatory diseases previously deferred breast - mastitis.

In addition, patients which has a family of first-degree relatives with breast cancer (mothers and sisters) risk of making a tumor increasing by a lot more than half - familial types of cancer.

Benign breast diseases like fibrocystic breast disease, or fibroadenoz intraduct papillomatosis alone usually do not lead to cancer, but at the same time, create an unfavorable background due to the development.

The reason for cancer of the breast would be the results of radiation, for example irradiation from the chest for other diseases (lung tumors, the lymphatic system), prolonged and frequent chest X-ray studies on inflammatory diseases or pulmonary tuberculosis.

Constitutional obesity can result in cancer from the breast and female the reproductive system, by having an excess fatty tissue in the body, it will become a separate endocrine organ and actually starts to actively produce hormones-estrogens, whose action and provokes the progression of tumors.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer

There are a couple of forms from the growth of breast cancers:

- Nodular form, the most frequent, is characterized by a dense knot of 0.5 to cm or maybe more, it can be seen as an all in the following symptoms;

- Diffuse. All of them are very aggressive, grow quickly, almost lightning speed, the tumor with no clear boundaries, "spreading" from the breast and skin. For the first couple of forms are characteristic warning signs of inflammation: pain with the breast, a bright red color in the skin it raises body's temperature to 39 degrees C. In view of the symptoms often occur, and errors in carried out patients treated for inflammatory diseases, which are named and therefore are known as these forms breast cancer. When tubular carcinoma cancer of the breast cover as being a "skin" of the company's contracting and decreasing in dimensions.

In some instances, breast cancers manifests inside form of metastases inside lymph nodes for the affected side, often does not detect the tumor itself - show hidden cancer of the breast.

For small tumors from the breast, any symptoms arise. The most observant as well as their husbands are able to detect tumor site inside gland accidentally, but in the large breast to detect small size hard knot. Revealed a knot can be painful when pressed, round, smooth and agile, this speaks in support of a benign tumor. Signs of malignancy other: a good knot to touch the stone, its surface is uneven, it's stationary or slightly shifted, might be firmly fixed to the surrounding tissue or skin, usually painless, can reach an important size (over 3 - 5 cm and sometimes 10-15 cm).

Need to evaluate the surface with the skin over the tumor: the malignant process will likely be observed retraction in the skin, collecting in the folds, wrinkles, a signal of "lemon peel" - a neighborhood swelling from the skin within the tumor, may be a direct tumor invasion to skin surface, then it becomes a bright beautiful red colors and sprawl as "cauliflower."